Inflammatory stress in islet β-cells: therapeutic implications for type 2 diabetes?

Current Opinion in Pharmacology
Maria LytriviMiriam Cnop

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is a common complex disease. Relatively little is known about the underlying pathophysiology. Mild islet inflammation has been suggested to play a pathogenic role; here we review the available evidence. Mild islet inflammation is histologically detected in pancreas sections of type 2 diabetic patients. In experimental models, it can be triggered by excess nutrients, amyloid, lipopolysaccharide, and endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress. Transcriptome studies do not consistently identify pro-inflammatory gene expression signatures in type 2 diabetic islets, and genetic evidence calls into question the causality of inflammation. Several anti-inflammatory medications confer a modest glucose-lowering effect, supporting the role for inflammation in type 2 diabetes. Whether these anti-inflammatory therapies target inflammation in islets or in other metabolically relevant tissues remains unknown.

Citations

Aug 11, 2020·BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation·Ailton Santos Sena JúniorAnderson Carlos Marçal
May 14, 2020·Nature Reviews. Endocrinology·Décio L EizirikMiriam Cnop
Oct 20, 2019·Journal of Molecular Biology·Maria LytriviMiriam Cnop
Jun 24, 2020·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Günter PäthJochen Seufert
Dec 24, 2020·Science Advances·Bingyuan YangWenbiao Chen
Apr 13, 2021·Endocrine Reviews·John T WalkerAlvin C Powers

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