Influence of cigarette smoking on the human duodenal mucosa-associated microbiota

Microbiome
E R ShanahanG Holtmann

Abstract

Cigarette smoking is a known risk factor in a number of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases in which the microbiota is implicated, including duodenal ulcer and Crohn's disease. Smoking has the potential to alter the microbiota; however, to date, the impact of smoking on the mucosa-associated microbiota (MAM), and particularly that of the upper GI tract, remains very poorly characterised. Thus, we investigated the impact of smoking on the upper small intestinal MAM. A total of 102 patients undergoing upper GI endoscopy for the assessment of GI symptoms, iron deficiency, or Crohn's disease, but without identifiable lesions in the duodenum, were recruited. Smoking status was determined during clinical assessment and patients classified as current (n = 21), previous smokers (n = 40), or having never smoked (n = 41). The duodenal (D2) MAM was profiled via 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Smoking, both current and previous, is associated with significantly reduced bacterial diversity in the upper small intestinal mucosa, as compared to patients who had never smoked. This was accompanied by higher relative abundance of Firmicutes, specifically Streptococcus and Veillonella spp. The relative abundance of the genus Rothia was also observed...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 17, 2019·Journal of Translational Medicine·Chunrong Huang, Guochao Shi
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Methods Mentioned

BETA
biopsies
biopsy
PCR
amplicon sequencing

Software Mentioned

ChimeraSlayer
Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology ( QIIME )
MixOmics
QIIME
Calypso
Prism
ADONIS
UniFrac
ALDEx2

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