PMID: 8456079Feb 1, 1993Paper

Influence of dose range on degree of nonlinearity detected in dose-proportionality studies for drugs with saturable elimination: single-dose and steady-state studies

Pharmaceutical Research
T A ShepardP E Sparrow

Abstract

Deviation from proportionality occurs when the ratio of area under the curve (AUC) values is not equal to the ratio of administered doses. The degree of nonlinearity (fNL) can be quantitated as the ratio of AUCs divided by the ratio of doses. We explore positive deviation from proportionality (fNL > 1) using the classical Michaelis-Menten model of nonlinear elimination after a single dose (n = 1) or at steady state (ss). The degree of nonlinearity is related to the ratio of the highest dose to the lowest dose (Rd = DH/DL): fn = 1NL = (2 + Rd.epsilon)/(2 + epsilon), fssNL = (Rd.omega - 1)/(Rd.omega - Rd), where epsilon is the ratio of the initial concentration after the lowest dose to the Km (epsilon = DL/Km.V) and omega is the ratio of the Vmax to the average rate of input for the highest dose (omega = Vmax tau/F.DH). From these relationships, we find that (1) for single-dose studies, Km is the important Michaelis-Menten parameter, while Vmax is important at steady state; (2) the degree of nonlinearity cannot exceed the ratio of doses in single-dose studies, and when doses in extreme excess of Km.V are chosen, the degree of nonlinearity is equal to the dose range; and (3) at steady state, the degree of nonlinearity can exceed t...Continue Reading

Citations

Jul 1, 1996·Journal of Clinical Pharmacology·L R Brettman, P R Chaturvedi
Jun 11, 1998·Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences·F LiardC Yoakim

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