PMID: 18186350Jan 12, 2008Paper

Influence of flow conditions and system geometry on nitrate use by benthic biofilms: implications for nutrient mitigation

Environmental Science & Technology
Shai ArnonAaron I Packman

Abstract

The effects of substratum geometry and overlying velocity on nitrate use by periphyton were assessed. Periphyton was cultivated at an average current velocity of 0.5 cm s(-1) in laboratory mesocosms (120 cm long, 60 cm wide) on polyethylene nets of three different geometries, "1-lay er", "3-layer", and "bedform" structures, overlaying a thin bed of sand. Bulk nitrate use was then measured as the reduction of nitrate concentration in the overlying water under average velocities of 0.005, 0.05, and 0.5 cm s(-1). Periphyton structural characteristics were quantified as algal/bacterial biomass, algal species composition, and bacterial densities. Accrual of microbial biomass increased monotonically with increasing benthic net surface area, with upper sections of structures supporting the highest biomass. Maximum rates of nitrate removal were measured in the bedform geometry at intermediate velocity (173 mg NO3-N m(-2) d(-1)), and the lowest was measured with 1-layer geometry at the fastest velocity (11 mg NO3-N m(-2) d(-1)). Oxygen microprofiles within biofilms demonstrated that hydrodynamic conditions and benthic structure both play a key role in the regulation of microbial processing of nitrate delivered from the water column by p...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Jul 25, 2014·FEMS Microbiology Ecology·Keren Yanuka-GolubAli Nejidat
Aug 11, 2016·Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·Mei PanJie Wu

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