Influence of Particle Size Distribution on the Performance of Ionic Liquid-based Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitors

Scientific Reports
Anthony J R RenniePeter J Hall

Abstract

Electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) employing ionic liquid electrolytes are the subject of much research as they promise increased operating potentials, and hence energy densities, when compared with currently available devices. Herein we report on the influence of the particle size distribution of activated carbon material on the performance of ionic liquid based EDLCs. Mesoporous activated carbon was ball-milled for increasing durations and the resultant powders characterized physically (using laser diffraction, nitrogen sorption and SEM) and investigated electrochemically in the form of composite EDLC electrodes. A bi-modal particle size distribution was found for all materials demonstrating an increasing fraction of smaller particles with increased milling duration. In general, cell capacitance decreased with increased milling duration over a wide range of rates using CV and galvanostatic cycling. Reduced coulombic efficiency is observed at low rates (<25 mVs(-1)) and the efficiency decreases as the volume fraction of the smaller particles increases. Efficiency loss was attributed to side reactions, particularly electrolyte decomposition, arising from interactions with the smaller particles. The effect of reduce...Continue Reading

References

Jul 25, 2009·Nature Materials·Michel ArmandBruno Scrosati
Jul 23, 2011·Chemical Society Reviews·Guoping WangJiujun Zhang
Jun 8, 2012·Accounts of Chemical Research·P Simon, Y Gogotsi
Feb 6, 2014·Advanced Materials·François BéguinElzbieta Frackowiak
Jun 13, 2014·The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters·Anthony J R RenniePeter J Hall
Nov 27, 2014·Faraday Discussions·Asa NoofeliAnthony J R Rennie

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
ESR
X-ray
Karl Fischer titration

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