Influence of pre-existing hypertension on neuroendocrine and cardiovascular changes evoked by chronic stress in female rats

Psychoneuroendocrinology
Jonas O VieiraCarlos C Crestani

Abstract

This study investigated neuroendocrine, autonomic, and cardiovascular changes evoked by daily exposure to the same type of stressor (homotypic) or different aversive stressor stimuli (heterotypic) in 60-days-old female normotensive Wistar rats and female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Both strains of rats were exposed for 10 consecutive days to either the homotypic stressor repeated restraint stress (RRS) or the heterotypic stressor chronic unpredictable stress (CUS). As expected, SHR had higher baseline blood pressure values and impaired baroreflex activity in relation to normotensive animals. Besides, SHR presented higher plasma corticosterone levels and decreased thymus weight. Both RRS and CUS increased baseline plasma corticosterone concentration and decreased body weight gain in both normotensive and SHR rats. In addition, both stress protocols caused hypertrophy of adrenal glands in normotensive rats. Regarding the cardiovascular effects, RRS increased basal heart rate in both rat strains, which was mediated by an increase in sympathetic tone to the heart. Besides, RRS increased baroreflex-mediated tachycardia in SHR animals, while CUS increased cardiac parasympathetic activity and pacemaker activity in normotens...Continue Reading

Citations

Sep 6, 2020·Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders·Yanduan LinJiao Guo
Oct 24, 2019·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Agnieszka WsolAgnieszka Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska
Feb 26, 2019·The Journal of International Medical Research·Bo-Chen YaoZhi-Gang Guo
Mar 30, 2021·Veterinary World·I Hernández-AvalosA Domínguez-Oliva
Oct 14, 2021·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·Tatiana S TumanovaViacheslav G Aleksandrov

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