Influence of sex, menstrual cycle, and oral contraceptives on cerebrovascular resistance and cardiorespiratory function during Valsalva or standing

Journal of Applied Physiology
Syed AbidiH Edgell

Abstract

Women experience orthostatic intolerance more than men, and they experience faintness more in the early follicular [i.e., low-hormone (LH)] than luteal [i.e., high-hormone (HH)] phase of the menstrual cycle. Men (n = 13, 25.8 ± 1.8 yr old) and women in the LH (days 2-5; placebo) and HH (days 18-24; high dose) phases of the menstrual cycle with (OC; n = 14, 22.0 ± 0.8 yr old) or without (NOC; n = 12, 21.8 ± 0.5 yr old) oral contraceptive (OC) use underwent the Valsalva maneuver and a supine-sit-stand protocol. Blood pressure, normalized stroke volume [stroke volume index (SVi)], cardiac output index, heart rate, end-tidal CO2, and middle cerebral artery (MCA) blood flow velocity were measured. When subjected to the Valsalva maneuver, all women had a greater increase in diastolic and mean MCA blood flow velocity than men (P ≤ 0.065), with no significant effect of menstrual cycle phase or OC use. When subjected to the supine-sit-stand protocol, men had lower MCA blood flow velocity (P < 0.038) than all women, and SVi was higher in men than in the NOC group in all postures (P < 0.011) and in the OC group in the LH phase of the menstrual cycle during standing (P = 0.010). Only men experienced higher resistance index (P < 0.001) and ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 3, 2017·Clinical Autonomic Research : Official Journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society·Misha NiliHeather Edgell
Jul 4, 2019·Climacteric : the Journal of the International Menopause Society·A StadlerP Stute
Jan 16, 2018·Physiological Reports·Christopher Hazlett, Heather Edgell
Sep 25, 2019·Experimental Physiology·Blake G PerrySamuel J E Lucas
Sep 6, 2020·Physiological Reports·Elnaz AssadpourHeather Edgell
Jan 18, 2019·Physiological Reports·Lawrence LabrecquePatrice Brassard
Jan 9, 2020·European Journal of Applied Physiology·Blake G PerryJames D Cotter
Jul 16, 2020·Radiology. Cardiothoracic Imaging·David R RutkowskiAlejandro Roldán-Alzate
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May 29, 2021·Sports Medicine - Open·Blake G Perry, Samuel J E Lucas
Jul 19, 2021·Clinical Autonomic Research : Official Journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society·Myles W O'BrienDerek S Kimmerly
May 15, 2020·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·Raffaele OrnelloSimona Sacco

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