Influence of Soil Temperature and Moisture on Eruptive Germination and Viability of Sclerotia of Sclerotinia minor and S. sclerotiorum

Plant Disease
M E Matheron, M Porchas

Abstract

The effect of soil temperature and moisture on eruptive germination and viability of sclerotia of Sclerotinia minor and S. sclerotiorum in field soil was examined. In two trials at constant temperatures, the proportion of sclerotia of both pathogens that germinated in wet soil ( ≥-0.02 MPa) tended to decrease as soil temperature increased from 15 to 40°C, with no germination of sclerotia of S. minor and S. sclerotiorum detected after 1 and 2 weeks, respectively, at 40°C. In contrast, after 1 to 4 weeks in dry soil ( ≤-100 MPa) at 40°C, germination of sclerotia of S. minor and S. sclerotiorum ranged from 28 to 55% and 42 to 77%, respectively. In field trials, the germination rate of sclerotia of S. minor and S. sclerotiorum after 2 to 8 weeks in irrigated soil on the surface or buried at a depth of 5 cm was significantly lower than that for sclerotia maintained in dry soil at the same depths. On the other hand, after burial at a depth of 10 cm, germination of sclerotia in irrigated and dry soil did not differ significantly after 2 to 8 weeks for S. minor and after 2, 4, and 8 weeks for S. sclerotiorum. For both pathogens, germination of sclerotia from 2 to 8 weeks in irrigated soil with a mean temperature of 32°C was significant...Continue Reading

Citations

Dec 17, 2009·Oecologia·Roy Hendrikus Antonius van GrunsvenElmar M Veenendaal
Nov 1, 2010·Plant Disease·Michael E Matheron, Martin Porchas
Mar 23, 2021·Frontiers in Plant Science·Kaushal Pratap SinghPramod Kumar Rai

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