Influenza vaccines: the potential benefits of cell-culture isolation and manufacturing

Therapeutic Advances in Vaccines and Immunotherapy
Sankarasubramanian RajaramAshesh Gandhi

Abstract

Influenza continues to cause severe illness in millions and deaths in hundreds of thousands annually. Vaccines are used to prevent influenza outbreaks, however, the influenza virus mutates and annual vaccination is required for optimal protection. Vaccine effectiveness is also affected by other potential factors such as the human immune system, a mismatch with the chosen candidate virus, and egg adaptation associated with egg-based vaccine production. This article reviews the influenza vaccine development process and describes the implications of the changes to the cell-culture process and vaccine strain recommendations by the World Health Organization since the 2017 season. The traditional manufacturing process for influenza vaccines relies on fertilized chicken eggs that are used for vaccine production. Vaccines must be produced in large volumes and the complete process requires approximately 6 months for the egg-based process. In addition, egg adaptation of seed viruses occurs when viruses adapt to avian receptors found within eggs to allow for growth in eggs. These changes to key viral antigens may result in antigenic mismatch and thereby reduce vaccine effectiveness. By contrast, cell-derived seed viruses do not require fe...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 9, 2020·Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine·John StambasRalph A Tripp
Feb 2, 2021·Plant Biotechnology Reports·Se Hee ParkYoung Hee Joung

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