Influenza virus-induced sleep responses in mice with targeted disruptions in neuronal or inducible nitric oxide synthases

Journal of Applied Physiology
Lichao ChenJames M Krueger

Abstract

Influenza viral infection induces increases in non-rapid eye movement sleep and decreases in rapid eye movement sleep in normal mice. An array of cytokines is produced during the infection, and some of them, such as IL-1beta and TNF-alpha, are well-defined somnogenic substances. It is suggested that nitric oxide (NO) may mediate the sleep-promoting effects of these cytokines. In this study, we use mice with targeted disruptions of either the neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) or the inducible NO synthase (iNOS) gene, commonly referred to as nNOS or iNOS knockouts (KOs), to investigate sleep changes after influenza viral challenge. We report that the magnitude of viral-induced non-rapid eye movement sleep responses in both nNOS KOs and iNOS KOs was less than that of their respective controls. In addition, the duration of rapid eye movement sleep in nNOS KO mice did not decrease compared with baseline values. All strains of mice had similar viral titers and cytokine gene expression profiles in the lungs. Virus was not isolated from the brains of any strain. However, gene expression in the brain stem differed between nNOS KOs and their controls: mRNA for the interferon-induced gene 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthase 1a was elevated in nNOS KO...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 30, 2006·Annual Review of Immunology·Peter C Doherty
Aug 9, 2008·Journal of Applied Physiology·Levente KapásJames M Krueger
Jan 5, 2011·Frontiers in Bioscience (Scholar Edition)·Mark R Zielinski, James M Krueger
Aug 9, 2011·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Nicole R HodgsonJames M Krueger
Oct 29, 2009·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Jeannine A MajdeJames M Krueger
Oct 20, 2009·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Victor H Leyva-GradoJames M Krueger
Nov 14, 2006·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Tim R TraynorJames M Krueger
Sep 22, 2006·The European Journal of Neuroscience·A V KalinchukT Porkka-Heiskanen
Nov 21, 2007·Sleep Medicine·Fotis KapsimalisMeir Kryger
Dec 28, 2010·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Lauren BroomDavid T Dexter
Oct 26, 2005·Neurobiology of Aging·Damien ColasNicole Sarda
Jan 1, 2016·AIMS Neuroscience·Mark R ZielinskiRobert W McCarley

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