Inhibition of murine embryonic growth by human immunodeficiency virus envelope protein and its prevention by vasoactive intestinal peptide and activity-dependent neurotrophic factor

The Journal of Clinical Investigation
D A DibbernJ M Hill

Abstract

Intrauterine growth retardation and neurodevelopmental handicaps are common among infants born to HIV-positive mothers and may be due to the actions of virions and/or maternally derived viral products. The viral envelope protein, gp120, is toxic to neurons, induces neuronal dystrophy, and retards behavioral development in neonatal rats. Vasoactive intestinal peptide, a neuropeptide regulator of early postimplantation embryonic growth, and the neuroprotective protein, activity-dependent neurotrophic factor, prevent gp120-induced neurotoxicity. Whole embryo culture of gestational day 9.5 mouse embryos was used to assess the effect of gp120 on growth. Embryos treated with gp120 exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of growth. gp120-treated embryos (10(-8) M) grew 1.2 somites in the 6-h incubation period, compared with 3.9 somites by control embryos. Embryos treated with gp120 were significantly smaller in cross-sectional area and had significantly less DNA and protein than controls. Growth inhibition induced by gp120 was prevented by cotreatment with vasoactive intestinal peptide or activity-dependent neurotrophic factor. gp120 may play a role in the growth retardation and developmental delays experienced by infants born to HIV-po...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 9, 2008·Journal of Molecular Neuroscience : MN·Illana Gozes
Nov 14, 2000·Biological Psychiatry·S M Brooke, R M Sapolsky
Feb 11, 2003·Peptides·Terry W MoodyRobert T Jensen
Jun 17, 2006·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Salvador ResinoUNKNOWN Spanish Group of Pediatric HIV Infection
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Feb 17, 2000·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·P Gressens
Feb 6, 2002·Archives of Disease in Childhood·S ResinoM A Muñóz-Fernández
Apr 22, 2008·International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience·Maria A LimJoanna M Hill
Aug 14, 1999·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·S A AliA Steinkasserer

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