Inhibition of NADPH oxidase by apocynin prevents learning and memory deficits in a mouse Parkinson's disease model

Redox Biology
Liyan HouQingshan Wang

Abstract

The activation of NADPH oxidase contributes to dopaminergic neurodegeneration and motor deficits in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, whether NADPH oxidase is involved in non-motor symptoms, especially cognitive dysfunction in PD remains unknown. This study is undertaken to characterize the effects of inhibition of NADPH oxidase by a widely used NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin on learning and memory deficits in paraquat and maneb-induced mouse PD model. Results showed that mice injected with paraquat and maneb displayed impairments of spatial learning and memory, which was associated with reduced tyrosine hydroxylase expression as well as increased neurodegeneration, synaptic loss, α-synuclein expression and Ser129-phosphorylation in the hippocampus. Interestingly, apocynin treatment significantly ameliorated learning and memory deficits as well as hippocampal neurodegeneration and α-synuclein pathology in mice treated with these two pesticides. Mechanistically, we found that apocynin mitigated paraquat and maneb-induced NADPH oxidase activation and related oxidative stress. Furthermore, reduced microglial activation and M1 polarization were observed in apocynin and paraquat and maneb co-treated mice compared with paraquat an...Continue Reading

Citations

Sep 26, 2019·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Tao YangQun Wang
Mar 31, 2020·Journal of Molecular Neuroscience : MN·Juan GaoZhenchang Zhang
Feb 7, 2021·Neuromolecular Medicine·Emma J ArsenaultBrian M Barth
Dec 11, 2020·Drug Design, Development and Therapy·Emad H M HassaneinAyman M Mahmoud
Nov 5, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Adriana CelesiaSonia Emanuele
Sep 26, 2020·Cell Biochemistry and Function·Bhargav N WaghelaChandramani Pathak
Mar 11, 2021·Drug Metabolism Reviews·Shreya R SavlaYogesh A Kulkarni
Mar 26, 2021·Neurotoxicity Research·Mohamed El-GamalAhmed A Moustafa
Jun 4, 2021·Neurochemistry International·Qi-Qi LiRui Sheng
Jun 4, 2021·Neuroscience·Brett A McGregorJames E Porter
Jun 13, 2021·Progress in Neurobiology·Shuai ZhangXiaofeng Jia
Jul 6, 2021·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Plamena R Angelova

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
fluorescence microscopy
electrophoresis
PCR
MDA

Software Mentioned

ImageJ
NoldusEtho Vision system

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