Injectable Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Sport

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine : Official Journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine
Matthew Matava

Abstract

The primary objective of this article is to review the basic science of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), their clinical effects, indications, potential complications, and ethical issues associated with the use of injectable NSAIDs in the treatment of athletes. These objectives are presented taking into consideration the contemporaneous issues associated with the treatment of amateur and professional athletes. A nonformal review of the published medical literature and lay media focusing on the use of injectable NSAIDs in athletes was used for this article. All NSAIDs work through the inhibition of the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway (either one or both subtypes) to reduce inflammation and inhibit pain by reducing prostaglandin and thromboxane synthesis. Complications related to NSAID use involve primarily the gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiovascular systems through this COX pathway inhibition. Ketorolac is the only NSAID currently available in an injectable form. Despite its analgesic efficacy comparable with opioid medication, injectable ketorolac has the potential to cause bleeding in collision athletes resulting from impaired hemostasis. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug medications are currently used at every...Continue Reading

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