Injection of ultrasmall samples and single molecules into tapered capillaries

Analytical Chemistry
D T ChiuR N Zare

Abstract

A novel injection scheme is described in which ultrasmall samples in the attoliter (10(-18) L) and low femtoliter (10(-15) L) range, or even single molecules, are controllably introduced into a tapered capillary so that electrophoretic separation can be carried out. To match the dimensions of the capillary inlet with that of the sample, capillary tips are tapered to an inside diameter ranging from hundreds of nanometers to a few micrometers. To inject an ultrasmall sample, optical trapping is used to immobilize and manipulate the sample in order to place it inside or next to the capillary inlet. A small controlled suction results in the loading of the sample into the capillary.

References

Oct 6, 1989·Science·R T KennedyJ W Jorgenson
Mar 20, 1987·Science·A Ashkin, J M Dziedzic
Nov 30, 1982·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·U Zimmermann
Oct 1, 1993·Biophysical Journal·R A Levis, J L Rae
Jul 11, 1995·Nucleic Acids Research·J Sudor, M Novotny
Jan 6, 1995·Science·J B ShearR H Scheller
Jan 1, 1994·Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure·K Svoboda, S M Block
Jun 15, 1994·Analytical Chemistry·C A Monnig, R T Kennedy
Oct 15, 1993·Journal of Chromatography. a·A E BarronH W Blanch
Oct 15, 1995·Analytical Chemistry·A T Woolley, R A Mathies
May 15, 1996·Analytical Chemistry·J B ShearW W Webb
Oct 15, 1996·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·A MoschoR N Zare

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Aug 29, 2006·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Ryan D JohnsonEdgar A Arriaga
Mar 29, 2007·The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B·Gavin D M JeffriesDaniel T Chiu
Sep 2, 1998·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·J A LundqvistO Orwar
Jan 5, 2000·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·A StrömbergR N Zare
Jul 20, 2010·Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry·Daniel P Cherney, Joel M Harris
Feb 28, 2006·Biophysical Journal·Mamadou Diop, Rod Taylor
Feb 6, 2016·Analytical Chemistry·Peng XuWenbin Du
Dec 7, 2007·Journal of Chromatography. a·Theodore Lapainis, Jonathan V Sweedler

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.