Innate immune responses in peptidoglycan recognition protein L-deficient mice

Molecular and Cellular Biology
Min XuRichard M Locksley

Abstract

Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) constitute a family of innate immune recognition molecules. In Drosophila, distinct PGRPs bind to peptidoglycans on gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria and provide essential signals upstream of the Toll and Imd pathways required for immunity against infection. Four PGRPs, PGRP-L, -S, -Ialpha, and -Ibeta, are expressed from three genes in mammals. In this paper, we provide direct evidence that the longest family member, PGRP-L, is a secreted serum protein with the capacity to multimerize. Using gene targeting to create PGRP-L-deficient mice, we demonstrate little contribution by PGRP-L to systemic challenge using gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, slightly less susceptible), Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), or yeast (Candida albicans). Peritoneal macrophages from PGRP-L-deficient mice produced decreased amounts of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha when stimulated with E. coli or lipopolysaccharide, but comparable amounts when stimulated with S. aureus, C. albicans, or their cell wall components. Additionally, these cells produced similar amounts of cytokines when challenged with gram-positive or -negative peptidoglycans. I...Continue Reading

References

Dec 1, 1972·Bacteriological Reviews·K H Schleifer, O Kandler
Jun 1, 1995·Protein Expression and Purification·P De PauwP Falmagne
Jun 7, 1996·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·H YoshidaM Ashida
Feb 7, 1998·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·S O'GormanY Marchuk
Aug 26, 1998·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·D KangH Steiner
Feb 17, 1999·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·S T QureshiD Malo
Nov 30, 2000·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·A OzinskyA Aderem
Dec 6, 2000·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·T WernerD Hultmark
Dec 21, 2000·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·A M HajjarC B Wilson
Feb 28, 2002·Annual Review of Immunology·Charles A Janeway, Ruslan Medzhitov
Dec 24, 2002·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Peter MellrothHakan Steiner
Jan 14, 2003·Annual Review of Immunology·Kiyoshi TakedaShizuo Akira
Apr 15, 2003·Nature Immunology·François LeulierBruno Lemaitre
Jun 25, 2003·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Eva GeliusHåkan Steiner
Sep 25, 2003·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Zheng-Ming WangRoman Dziarski
Nov 7, 2003·Nature·Jules A Hoffmann
Dec 20, 2003·Science·Vanessa GobertDominique Ferrandon
May 14, 2004·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Rongjin GuanRoy A Mariuzza

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 8, 2011·Seminars in Immunopathology·Sheila Krishna, Lloyd S Miller
Jan 11, 2007·Current Microbiology·Paul JohnsTapas Das
Sep 24, 2013·Fish & Shellfish Immunology·Ju Hye JangJu Hyun Cho
Nov 15, 2011·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Julien RoyetRoman Dziarski
Jul 16, 2005·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·Bénédicte Fournier, Dana J Philpott
Mar 26, 2009·Journal of Innate Immunity·Jessica Humann, Laurel L Lenz
Jan 13, 2006·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Lindsey S GarverLouisa P Wu
Jun 15, 2011·Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology·Wataru UedaHaruki Kitazawa
Mar 27, 2007·Microbes and Infection·Catherine Chaput, Ivo G Boneca
Oct 19, 2006·Trends in Immunology·Barbara S BakerLionel Fry
Mar 22, 2006·Cellular Microbiology·Vitor B Pinheiro, David J Ellar
Sep 3, 2011·Immunological Reviews·Matthew T Sorbara, Dana J Philpott
Jul 5, 2005·Trends in Microbiology·Thomas A KuferDana J Philpott
Apr 19, 2006·Immunity·Anna Zaidman-RémyBruno Lemaitre
Apr 27, 2010·Innate Immunity·Roman Dziarski, Dipika Gupta
Mar 3, 2018·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Christine C YokoyamaHerbert W Virgin
Sep 4, 2019·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Zongyi YangMing Shi
May 20, 2020·Journal of Medical Microbiology·Gabriel TorrensCarlos Juan
Apr 2, 2005·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Christine McDonaldGabriel Nuñez
Sep 8, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Kayle Dickson, Christian Lehmann
Jan 6, 2006·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·C Chace TydellMichael E Selsted
Nov 4, 2011·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Shin Yong ParkRoman Dziarski

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Candida albicans

Candida albicans is an opportunistic, fungal pathogen of humans that frequently causes superficial infections of oral and vaginal mucosal surfaces of debilitated and susceptible individuals. Discover the latest research on Candida albicans here.

Candidiasis

Candidiasis is a common fungal infection caused by Candida and it can affect many parts for the body including mucosal membranes as well as the gastrointestinal, urinary, and respiratory tracts. Here is the latest research.

Bacterial Cell Wall Structure (ASM)

Bacterial cell walls are made of peptidoglycan (also called murein), which is made from polysaccharide chains cross-linked by unusual peptides containing D-amino acids. Here is the latest research on bacterial cell wall structures.

Candidiasis (ASM)

Candidiasis is a common fungal infection caused by Candida and it can affect many parts for the body including mucosal membranes as well as the gastrointestinal, urinary, and respiratory tracts. Here is the latest research.

Bacterial Cell Wall Structure

Bacterial cell walls are made of peptidoglycan (also called murein), which is made from polysaccharide chains cross-linked by unusual peptides containing D-amino acids. Here is the latest research on bacterial cell wall structures.