Insights into the pathogenesis of herpes simplex encephalitis from mouse models

Mammalian Genome : Official Journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society
Mathieu Mancini, Silvia M Vidal

Abstract

A majority of the world population is infected with herpes simplex viruses (HSV; human herpesvirus types 1 and 2). These viruses, perhaps best known for their manifestation in the genital or oral mucosa, can also cause herpes simplex encephalitis, a severe and often fatal disease of the central nervous system. Antiviral therapies for HSV are only partially effective since the virus can establish latent infections in neurons, and severe pathological sequelae in the brain are common. A better understanding of disease pathogenesis is required to develop new strategies against herpes simplex encephalitis, including the precise viral and host genetic determinants that promote virus invasion into the central nervous system and its associated immunopathology. Here we review the current understanding of herpes simplex encephalitis from the host genome perspective, which has been illuminated by groundbreaking work on rare herpes simplex encephalitis patients together with mechanistic insight from single-gene mouse models of disease. A complex picture has emerged, whereby innate type I interferon-mediated antiviral signaling is a central pathway to control viral replication, and the regulation of immunopathology and the balance between a...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 24, 2019·PLoS Pathogens·Stéphanie BibertPierre-Yves Bochud
Dec 5, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Catherine F Hatton, Christopher J A Duncan
Apr 1, 2020·PLoS Pathogens·Julia SehlThomas C Mettenleiter
Feb 14, 2020·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·Jocelyne Piret, Guy Boivin
May 23, 2019·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Eduardo I TognarelliPablo A González
Sep 26, 2020·Frontiers in Neurology·Niko HenselPeter Claus
Feb 5, 2021·Gut Microbes·Hassan Zafar, Milton H Saier
Jan 21, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Paweł KowalczykIda Franiak-Pietryga
May 11, 2020·Trends in Microbiology·Maria Elena MarcocciGiovanna De Chiara
Jul 24, 2021·Expert Review of Vaccines·Vindya Nilakshi WijesingheSunil Kumar Lal
Nov 28, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Meng-Shan TsaiShun-Hua Chen

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
deubiquitination
nuclear translocation
gene-knockout

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