Insights into the posttranslational structural heterogeneity of thyroglobulin and its role in the development, diagnosis, and management of benign and malignant thyroid diseases

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism
Ana Carolina W XavierJoão R M Martins

Abstract

Thyroglobulin (Tg) is the major glycoprotein produced by the thyroid gland, where it serves as a template for thyroid hormone synthesis and as an intraglandular store of iodine. Measurement of Tg levels in serum is of great practical importance in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), a setting in which elevated levels after total thyroidectomy are indicative of residual or recurrent disease. The most recent methods for serum Tg measurement are monoclonal antibody-based and are highly sensitive. However, major challenges remain regarding the interpretation of the results obtained with these immunometric methods, particularly in patients with endogenous antithyroglobulin antibodies or in the presence of heterophile antibodies, which may produce falsely low or high Tg values, respectively. The increased prevalence of antithyroglobulin antibodies in patients with DTC, as compared with the general population, raises the very pertinent possibility that tumor Tg may be more immunogenic. This inference makes sense, as the tumor microenvironment (tumor cells plus normal host cells) is characterized by several changes that could induce posttranslational modification of many proteins, including Tg. Attempts to understa...Continue Reading

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Jul 27, 2017·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Cintia E CitterioPeter Arvan
Apr 2, 2020·Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association·Ngwe YinUNKNOWN National Thyroid Cancer Treatment Cooperative Study Group
Apr 2, 2019·Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association·Antonela MatanaTatijana Zemunik
Mar 20, 2019·Nature Reviews. Endocrinology·Cintia E CitterioPeter Arvan
Sep 20, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Marta ZąbczyńskaEwa Pocheć

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