Insomnia associated with depressive disorder: primary, secondary, or mixed?

Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine
Ravi Gupta, Vivekananda Lahan

Abstract

Insomnia is a common problem that is known to occur during depression. However, literature still debates whether insomnia is part of depression or a separate entity. Subjects presenting with depressive disorder according to DSM-IV-Text Revision criteria were recruited after seeking informed consent. Clinical interview was performed with the help of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus. Their demographic data and depression related history were recorded. Depression severity was assessed by using Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. Diagnosis of insomnia was made with the help of International Classification of Sleep Disorders-2 criteria. Type of insomnia, its duration, and its relationship with depressive illness were specifically asked. If any subject fulfilled criteria for more than one type of insomnia, both were recorded. Statistical analysis was done with the help of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 17.0. χ(2) test, independent sample t test, and Pearson's correlation were performed. A total of 54 subjects were enrolled in this study. Primary insomnia was seen in 40.7% cases and secondary insomnia in 58.8% cases; 27.3% subjects did not experience insomnia along with depressive disorder. ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 21, 2014·European Journal of Pain : EJP·M KanstrupR K Wicksell
Sep 8, 2015·Journal of Psychiatric Research·Pingfu FengPhillip J Smith
Sep 21, 2013·Complementary Therapies in Medicine·Bong Hyo LeeHwa Soo Hwang
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Jul 3, 2018·The Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery·A A AlhazzaniM Alahmarii
Dec 10, 2016·Journal of Mental Health·Lee Seng Esmond SeowSiow Ann Chong

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