Instrumented examination of anterior cruciate ligament injuries: minimizing flaws of the manual clinical examination

Arthroscopy : the Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery : Official Publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association
Thomas P BranchCale A Jacobs

Abstract

The clinical examination is a basic language of orthopaedics; it is how orthopaedic surgeons communicate with one another. However, each surgeon speaks a different dialect that has been influenced by where and with whom that surgeon trained, as well as that person's own experiences. Because of the inherent variability in the magnitude, direction, and rate of force application during the clinical examination, manual arthrometers were developed in an attempt to more consistently quantify the clinical examination. Instrumented manual devices, such as the KT-1000 (MEDmetric, San Diego, CA), were the first to provide objective numbers to surgeons and researchers evaluating anteroposterior (AP) knee joint laxity. Although these devices provide surgeons with feedback related to the amount of force applied, the rate at which the force is applied is uncontrolled, resulting in a lack of reliability similar to that of the clinical examination itself. In addition to potential errors in measuring AP laxity, rotational laxity has proven to be very difficult to quantify. Robotic systems that make use of computer-driven motors to perform laxity testing have recently been developed to control the magnitude, direction, and rate of force applicat...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 11, 2012·Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy : Official Journal of the ESSKA·Michel ColletteBertrand Gagnière
Jan 17, 2012·Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy : Official Journal of the ESSKA·Caroline MoutonRomain Seil
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Dec 15, 2015·Arthroscopy : the Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery : Official Publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association·James H Lubowitz
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