Insulin-Induced Skin Lipohypertrophy in Type 2 Diabetes: a Multicenter Regional Survey in Southern Italy

Diabetes Therapy : Research, Treatment and Education of Diabetes and Related Disorders
Sandro GentileAMD-OSDI Study Group on Injection Techniques and Nefrocenter Research & Nyx Start-up Study Group

Abstract

Lipohypertrophies (LHs) due to incorrect insulin injection techniques have been described in the literature for decades. Their rate averages 38%, but this is still controversial because of the vast range reported by different publications, most of which fail to describe the selected detection protocol and therefore are not entirely reliable. We still need to identify the real LH rate, and only consistently using a standardized method in a large cohort of insulin-treated (IT) patients make this possible. Our group performed thorough clinical skin examinations on patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): 1247 IT T2DM outpatients were examined according to a standardized protocol, previously published elsewhere, as well as an ultrasound scan of the same skin areas to assess the degree of concordance between the two methods and to evaluate the demographic, clinical, and behavioral risk factors (RF) as well as metabolic consequences of identified LHs. The concordance between the two methods was 99%. Identified risk factors for LHs were needle reuse, failure to rotate injection sites, and ice-cold insulin injections. High HbA1c values, wide glycemic variability, and longstanding proneness to hypoglycemia with a high ra...Continue Reading

References

Nov 15, 2005·Endocrine Journal·Junji FujikuraKazuwa Nakao
Feb 17, 2007·Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice·Bahar Vardar, Sevgi Kizilci
May 24, 2007·Diabetes Care·Milos D PavlovićRadoje Doder
Oct 7, 2010·Journal of Diabetes·Carina De ConinckKenneth Strauss
Jun 8, 2012·Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics·Janet K Snell-Bergeon, R Paul Wadwa
Oct 20, 2014·Journal of Behavioral Medicine·Andreas SchmittNorbert Hermanns
May 1, 2015·International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism·Mo'men Al AjlouniKamel Ajlouni
Mar 17, 2016·Diabetes Therapy : Research, Treatment and Education of Diabetes and Related Disorders·Ayman A Al HayekMohamed A Al Dawish
May 24, 2016·SpringerPlus·Sandro GentileUNKNOWN AMD-OSDI Italian Injection Technique Study Group
Jul 22, 2016·Diabetes Care·Markolf HanefeldFrank Pistrosch
Sep 7, 2016·Mayo Clinic Proceedings·Anders H FridKenneth W Strauss
Jan 19, 2017·Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics·Linong JiLaurence J Hirsch
Apr 30, 2017·Journal of Endocrinological Investigation·F BertuzziO Epis
May 30, 2017·Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism·Manash P BaruahJumi Deka
Nov 23, 2017·Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders·Shuang LiangXiaoquan Liu
Feb 11, 2018·Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice·S GentileUNKNOWN Italian Study Group on Injection Techniques
Jul 18, 2018·Diabetes Therapy : Research, Treatment and Education of Diabetes and Related Disorders·Haya Abu GhazalehHenrietta Mulnier
Aug 8, 2018·Diabetes Care·Jin J ZhouUNKNOWN VADT Investigators
Nov 15, 2018·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Anjana BarolaDevi Dayal
Jul 25, 2019·Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome·M R ImprotaUNKNOWN AMD-OSDI Study Group on Injection Technique
Aug 3, 2019·Clinical Diabetes : a Publication of the American Diabetes Association·Laurence J Hirsch, Kenneth W Strauss
Jul 11, 2020·Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences·Amira N AlJaberMohammed A Batais

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 22, 2020·Diabetes Therapy : Research, Treatment and Education of Diabetes and Related Disorders·Sandro GentileUNKNOWN Nefrocenter Network and Nyx Start-up Study Group
Mar 10, 2021·Diabetes Therapy : Research, Treatment and Education of Diabetes and Related Disorders·Sandro GentileUNKNOWN AMD-OSDI Study Group
Mar 20, 2021·Diabetes Therapy : Research, Treatment and Education of Diabetes and Related Disorders·Sandro GentileUNKNOWN AMD-OSDI Study Group on Injection Technique, Nefrocenter Research and Nyx Start-Up
Jun 22, 2021·Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice·Paolo Di BartoloSandro Gentile
Aug 13, 2021·Diabetes Therapy : Research, Treatment and Education of Diabetes and Related Disorders·Sandro GentileUNKNOWN Nefrocenter Research and Nyx Start-Up Study Group
Aug 18, 2021·Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal : SPJ : the Official Publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society·Selvakumari SelvaduraiLina Mariana Mohd Ali
Aug 29, 2021·Endocrinología, Diabetes Y Nutrición·Fatma Nur KorkmazSevim Güllü

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
biopsy

Software Mentioned

SAS

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Biomarkers for Type 2 Diabetes

Biomarkers can help understand chronic diseases and assist in risk prediction for prevention and early detection of diseases. Here is the latest research on biomarkers in type 2 diabetes, a disease in which the body is unable to produce or properly use insulin.

Related Papers

BMJ Health & Care Informatics
Scott McLachlanHiKER (Health informatics and Knowledge Engineering Research) Group
Journal of Innovation in Health Informatics
Scott McLachlanNorman Fenton
Diabetes Therapy : Research, Treatment and Education of Diabetes and Related Disorders
Sandro GentileNefrocenter Network and Nyx Start-up Study Group
The American Journal of Managed Care
Deepak PalakshappaGary E Rosenthal
Evolutionary Psychology : an International Journal of Evolutionary Approaches to Psychology and Behavior
George B RichardsonChristopher M Swoboda
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved