Insulin-like growth factor I enhances the developmental competence of yak embryos by modulating aquaporin 3
Abstract
The objective of our present study was to determine the effects of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) on the development of yak (Bos grunniens) embryos after cumulus-oocyte complex (COC) vitrification and warming followed by in vitro fertilization (IVF). In Experiment 1, the yak COCs underwent vitrification and then IVF. Embryos were incubated in synthetic oviductal fluid (SOF) supplemented with four concentrations (0, 50, 100 and 200 ng/ml) of IGF-I, while the yak COCs without vitrification or IGF-I supplementation acted as the control group; the BAX, BCL-2, AQP3mRNA and aquaporin 3 (AQP3) protein expression levels in the five groups of blastocysts were evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR and immunofluorescence analyses. In Experiment 2, the groups described above were fertilized and incubated. The cleavage rate, blastocyst rate, total cell count per blastocyst and the rate of growth of the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) were evaluated. The results were as follows: (1) the AQP3 gene expression and protein expression in the control and 100 ng/ml IGF-I treatment groups were the highest. (2) The BAX gene expression was the lowest and the BCL-2 gene expression was the highest in the control and 100 ng/ml IGF...Continue Reading
References
Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I promote rabbit blastocyst development and prevent apoptosis
Aquaporin proteins in murine trophectoderm mediate transepithelial water movements during cavitation
Highly efficient vitrification for cryopreservation of human oocytes and embryos: the Cryotop method
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