Insulin therapy in neonatal diabetes mellitus: a review of the literature

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Ivana RabboneElvira Piccinno

Abstract

Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare disorder, and guidance is limited regarding its optimal management. We reviewed insulin usage in NDM, with a focus on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). A PubMed search identified 40 reports of patients with NDM treated with insulin published between 1994 and 2016. Data concerning treatment of NDM are limited. CSII resolves some of the issues associated with insulin therapy in neonates. No clinical trials of CSII in NDM have been reported. Case reports suggest that CSII is a safe and effective means of treating NDM. CSII was initiated to improve glycaemic control, for practicality and convenience, and to overcome difficulties associated with the maintenance of long-term intravenous catheters. CSII can provide better glycaemic control than multiple daily injections, with few hypoglycaemic events. Continuous glucose monitoring integrated with the pump helps provide more precise control of blood glucose levels. CSII generally uses short-acting insulin or rapid-acting insulin analogues, and those that are approved for use in neonates appear to be appropriate for the treatment of NDM using an insulin pump. Information from case reports indicates that CSII is safe and effective...Continue Reading

Citations

May 31, 2018·Current Opinion in Pediatrics·Anastasia G HarrisSiri Atma W Greeley
Apr 14, 2020·American Journal of Health-system Pharmacy : AJHP : Official Journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists·Julia D Muzzy WilliamsonLuis Casas
Apr 11, 2020·Minerva pediatrica·Dario IafuscoFabrizio Barbetti
Feb 18, 2018·Current Opinion in Genetics & Development·Lisa R Letourneau, Siri Atma W Greeley
Jun 29, 2021·Canadian Journal of Diabetes·Emma McCutcheonCaroline Zuijdwijk

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Autoimmune Diabetes & Tolerance

Patients with type I diabetes lack insulin-producing beta cells due to the loss of immunological tolerance and autoimmune disease. Discover the latest research on targeting tolerance to prevent diabetes.