Intact proinsulin, des 31,32 proinsulin, and specific insulin concentrations among nondiabetic and diabetic subjects in populations at varying risk of type 2 diabetes

Diabetes Care
D K NagiJ S Yudkin

Abstract

To examine hyperinsulinemia, insulin secretion, and beta-cell function in Pima Indians, South Asians, and whites, populations at varying risk of diabetes. We investigated 136 Pima Indian, 98 Asian, and 80 white nondiabetic and 172 Pima Indian, 40 Asian, and 49 white diabetic subjects. Highly specific assays for insulin, intact proinsulin, and des 31,32 proinsulin were used. Insulin secretion was assessed using ratio of increment (0 to 30 min) in insulin to glucose concentrations during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Nondiabetic Pima Indians were significantly more obese than Asians and whites. Pima Indian subjects had significantly higher (P < 0.01) fasting insulin concentrations (median 109 pmol/l, range 40-250) than Asian (37 pmol/l, range 17-91) and white (30 pmol/l, range 10-82) subjects. These differences remained significant when controlled for obesity. Nondiabetic Pima Indians also had higher fasting C-peptide concentrations and higher early insulin secretion during an OGTT. Fasting concentrations of intact proinsulin and des 31,32 proinsulin were also significantly higher in Pima Indians (P < 0.01). However, the proportion of proinsulin-like molecules was significantly lower (P < 0.01) in Pima Indians (median 7....Continue Reading

Citations

Aug 29, 2000·Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice·C M MacNamaraR C Turner
Oct 25, 2013·Endocrine Journal·Rie OkaToru Aizawa
May 3, 2003·The American Journal of Medicine·Aruna D PradhanPaul M Ridker
Mar 29, 2002·Diabetes Care·Anthony J G HanleyBernard Zinman
Aug 23, 2018·Diabetes·Teresa MezzaAndrea Giaccari
Mar 17, 2007·Clinical Chemistry·Susan E ManleyStephen D Luzio
Jun 24, 2004·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Heather J PetrieTerry E Graham

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