Integration of Signaling Pathways with the Epigenetic Machinery in the Maintenance of Stem Cells

Stem Cells International
Luca FagnocchiAlessio Zippo

Abstract

Stem cells balance their self-renewal and differentiation potential by integrating environmental signals with the transcriptional regulatory network. The maintenance of cell identity and/or cell lineage commitment relies on the interplay of multiple factors including signaling pathways, transcription factors, and the epigenetic machinery. These regulatory modules are strongly interconnected and they influence the pattern of gene expression of stem cells, thus guiding their cellular fate. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) represent an invaluable tool to study this interplay, being able to indefinitely self-renew and to differentiate towards all three embryonic germ layers in response to developmental cues. In this review, we highlight those mechanisms of signaling to chromatin, which regulate chromatin modifying enzymes, histone modifications, and nucleosome occupancy. In addition, we report the molecular mechanisms through which signaling pathways affect both the epigenetic and the transcriptional state of ESCs, thereby influencing their cell identity. We propose that the dynamic nature of oscillating signaling and the different regulatory network topologies through which those signals are encoded determine specific gene expression p...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 2, 2016·Regeneration·Abdul KareemKalika Prasad
Jun 16, 2016·Nature Communications·Luca FagnocchiAlessio Zippo
Apr 5, 2017·Stem Cells International·Gregory M Kelly, Mohamed I Gatie
Feb 22, 2017·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Luca Fagnocchi, Alessio Zippo
Jun 25, 2020·Scientific Reports·Ben Yi TewBodour Salhia
Apr 25, 2018·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Luca FagnocchiAlessio Zippo
Sep 17, 2019·World Journal of Stem Cells·Sara CrucianiMargherita Maioli
Feb 25, 2021·Stem Cell Reviews and Reports·Vijay V VishnuP Chandra Shekar
May 29, 2021·Stem Cells International·Jingqiu ChenJun Zhang

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
acetylation
histone acetylation

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