Integrative species delimitation based on COI, ITS, and morphological evidence illustrates a unique evolutionary history of the genus Paracercion (Odonata: Coenagrionidae).

PeerJ
Haiguang ZhangWen-Jun Bu

Abstract

Paracercion are common 'blue and black' colored damselflies. We explore the species boundaries of Paracercion (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) using ABGD, bPTP, GMYC and Distance-based clustering. We finally got the molecular data of all nine species of Paracercion. P. hieroglyphicum and P. melanotum were combined into one putative species based on cytochrome c oxidase I (COI). However, they were separated into two putative species based on the nuclear segment including ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS). This suggests the introgression of mtDNA in Paracercion. Paracercion barbatum and Paracercion melanotum can be separated into two species based on COI, whereas they were combined into one putative species based on ITS, which suggests a hybridization event between them. The lower interspecific divergence (COI: 0.49%) between P. barbatum and Paracercion v-nigrum indicates a recent speciation event in Paracercion. Paracercion sieboldii and P. v-nigrum can be separated into two putative species based on COI, while they were frequently merged into the same putative species based on ITS. This can be explained by incomplete lineage sorting in nDNA. Besides, P. pendulum and P. malayanum were synonymized as junior synonyms of P. melanotum. P. luzonicum was...Continue Reading

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BEAST
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R package spider
ModelFinder
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