Intense Sweeteners, Taste Receptors and the Gut Microbiome: A Metabolic Health Perspective

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Alexandria TurnerEmma L Beckett

Abstract

Intense sweeteners (IS) are often marketed as a healthier alternative to sugars, with the potential to aid in combating the worldwide rise of diabetes and obesity. However, their use has been counterintuitively associated with impaired glucose homeostasis, weight gain and altered gut microbiota. The nature of these associations, and the mechanisms responsible, are yet to be fully elucidated. Differences in their interaction with taste receptors may be a potential explanatory factor. Like sugars, IS stimulate sweet taste receptors, but due to their diverse structures, some are also able to stimulate bitter taste receptors. These receptors are expressed in the oral cavity and extra-orally, including throughout the gastrointestinal tract. They are involved in the modulation of appetite, glucose homeostasis and gut motility. Therefore, taste genotypes resulting in functional receptor changes and altered receptor expression levels may be associated with metabolic conditions. IS and taste receptors may both interact with the gastrointestinal microbiome, and their interactions may potentially explain the relationship between IS use, obesity and metabolic outcomes. While these elements are often studied in isolation, the potential inte...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 4, 2021·Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity : Targets and Therapy·Hyder MirghaniRuba ALselaimy
Jul 3, 2021·Nutrition Today·Riley L HughesHannah D Holscher
Aug 11, 2021·Nutrients·Laia BertranTeresa Auguet
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Oct 12, 2021·Frontiers in Nutrition·Abigail Raffner BassonFabio Cominelli

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BETA
16S sequencing

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