Interaction between steady flow and individualised compliant segments: application to upper airways

Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing
Redouane FodilDaniel Isabey

Abstract

To describe upper airway obstruction in patients with sleep apnea syndrome, the steady state solutions of a simple model of local pharyngeal obstruction were studied. Importantly, the present model embodies a series of two individualised elements, each having its own compliance, which enables the consideration, from a conceptual point of view, of local differences in anatomical and physiological properties between pharyngeal regions. The evolution of inspiratory flow and area variations were predicted using the transmural pressure at the downstream element as the controlled variable. Derivation and normalisation of fundamental governing equations, written for non-viscous and viscous fluids, reveal very different kinds of behaviour, depending on values of the speed index defined from the local distensibility, or its modulation by a friction factor for viscous fluid. The two-element model is able to describe a considerably rich mechanical behaviour, including the occurrence of critical conditions when area becomes very high or small, i.e. when the distensibility-dependent speed index at the upstream element tends toward unity. In spite of its simplicity, not only does the present model describe steady state behaviours that resemb...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 4, 2006·Annals of Biomedical Engineering·Chris D Bertram, Donald P Gaver
Jun 27, 2001·Journal of Biomechanics·G PennatiG Dubini
Mar 22, 2001·Mathematical Biosciences·T AittokallioO Polo
Aug 21, 2002·Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering·Francesco MigliavaccaRiccardo Pietrabissa
Nov 11, 2008·Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing·Franz ChoulyYohan Payan
Mar 17, 2009·Sleep Medicine Reviews·Tero AittokallioOlli Polo
Jun 3, 2008·Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology·Christopher D Bertram
Jul 12, 2001·Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering·J B Grotberg
Jun 16, 1999·Journal of Applied Physiology·L Huang, J E Williams
Aug 31, 2004·Journal of Applied Physiology·Redouane FodilBruno Louis

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