Interaction of radio frequency electromagnetic fields and passive metallic implants--a brief review

Bioelectromagnetics
H VirtanenR Lappalainen

Abstract

During the last decade, use of radio frequency (RF) applications like mobile phones and other wireless devices, has increased remarkably. This has triggered numerous studies related to possible health risks due to the exposure of RF electromagnetic (EM) fields. One safety aspect is the coupling of EM fields with active and passive implants in the human body. While interactions with active implants have been quite extensively researched, only a few studies have focused on passive implants. The present article reviews interaction mechanisms and studies of passive metallic, that is, conductive, implants in common external RF EM fields. It is found that implants have been mostly studied numerically, and experimental studies are rare. Furthermore, the studies cover mostly far-field conditions and only a few have studied implants in near fields. A summary of results indicates that a conductive object in tissues may cause notable local enhancement of the EM field and thus enhanced power absorption. The degree of enhancement depends, for example, on the orientation, the dimensions, the shape, and the location of the implant. However, in most of the cases, the field enhancement has not been strong enough to cause remarkable excess heati...Continue Reading

References

Feb 1, 1991·Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health·B HockingA H Fleming
Apr 24, 2004·Physics in Medicine and Biology·Jürgen SchudererNiels Kuster
May 20, 2005·Physics in Medicine and Biology·H VirtanenR Lappalainen

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Citations

Apr 6, 2013·Medical Physics·Oliver KraffAndreas K Bitz
Aug 5, 2010·Bioelectromagnetics·Marta ParazziniPaolo Ravazzani
Jan 11, 2014·Magnetic Resonance in Medicine : Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine·Joep WezelAndrew G Webb
Jun 13, 2015·Heart Rhythm : the Official Journal of the Heart Rhythm Society·Ronald D Berger
Jun 7, 2015·Heart Rhythm : the Official Journal of the Heart Rhythm Society·Duy T NguyenWilliam H Sauer
Jan 31, 2012·Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Surgery & Research : OTSR·D CrouzierJ-C Debouzy
Mar 8, 2017·European Journal of Radiology·Soo Jung Kim, Kyung Ah Kim

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