Interfering vaccine (defective interfering influenza A virus) protects ferrets from influenza, and allows them to develop solid immunity to reinfection

Vaccine
A MannNigel J Dimmock

Abstract

Defective interfering (DI) virus RNAs result from major deletions in full-length viral RNAs that occur spontaneously during de novo RNA synthesis. These RNAs are packaged into virions that are by definition non-infectious, and are delivered to cells normally targeted by the virion. DI RNAs can only replicate with the aid of a coinfecting infectious helper virus, but the small size of DI RNA allows more copies of it to be made than of its full-length counterpart, so the cell produces defective virions in place of infectious progeny. In line with this scenario, the expected lethal disease in an influenza A virus-mouse model is made subclinical by administration of DI virus, but animals develop solid immunity to the infecting virus. Hence DI virus has been called an 'interfering vaccine'. Because interfering vaccine acts intracellularly and at a molecular level, it should be effective against all influenza A viruses regardless of subtype. Here we have used the ferret, widely acknowledged as the best model for human influenza. We show that an interfering vaccine with defective RNAs from an H3N8 virus almost completely abolished clinical disease caused by A/Sydney/5/97 (H3N2), with abrogation of fever and significant reductions in c...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 27, 2008·Journal of Virology·Nigel J DimmockAnthony C Marriott
Oct 6, 2010·Virology Journal·Kristen A Stauffer Thompson, John Yin
Sep 25, 2007·American Journal of Therapeutics·John S OxfordCarolyn LeFante
Dec 17, 2011·Science·Alice S Huang
Jul 31, 2008·Expert Review of Vaccines·Jan Willem van der LaanJohn Oxford
Apr 23, 2010·Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses·Bo MengNigel J Dimmock
Dec 31, 2009·Reviews in Medical Virology·A C Marriott, N J Dimmock
Sep 4, 2019·Annual Review of Animal Biosciences·Amir GhorbaniChang-Won Lee
Jun 1, 2011·Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy·Paul ShapshakJohn Sinnott
Jun 5, 2019·Nature Microbiology·Marco Vignuzzi, Carolina B López

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