Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) suppresses hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication and HCV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Ozge CevikNeerja Kaushik-Basu

Abstract

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major risk factor for the development of chronic liver disease. The disease typically progresses from chronic HCV to fibrosis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and death. Chronic inflammation associated with HCV infection is implicated in cirrhosis and HCC, but the molecular players and signaling pathways contributing to these processes remain largely unknown. Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is a molecule of interest in HCV-associated HCC because it has critical roles in virus-, Toll-like receptor (TLR)-, and IFN-induced signaling pathways. IRF5 is also a tumor suppressor, and its expression is dysregulated in several human cancers. Here, we present first evidence that IRF5 expression and signaling are modulated during HCV infection. Using HCV infection of human hepatocytes and cells with autonomously replicating HCV RNA, we found that levels of IRF5 mRNA and protein expression were down-regulated. Of note, reporter assays indicated that IRF5 re-expression inhibited HCV protein translation and RNA replication. Gene expression analysis revealed significant differences in the expression of cancer pathway mediators and autophagy proteins rather than in cytokines between IRF5- ...Continue Reading

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Jul 10, 2018·International Reviews of Immunology·Ashwinder KaurChee-Mun Fang
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Dec 6, 2018·Frontiers in Immunology·Cherrie D ThompsonBetsy J Barnes
Oct 22, 2019·Lancet·C Wendy SpearmanMark Sonderup

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