Interleukin (IL)-33 and the IL-1 Family of Cytokines-Regulators of Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
Ajithkumar Vasanthakumar, Axel Kallies

Abstract

Cytokines play an integral role in shaping innate and adaptive immune responses. Members of the interleukin (IL)-1 family regulate a plethora of immune-cell-mediated processes, which include pathogen defense and tissue homeostasis. Notably, the IL-1 family cytokine IL-33 promotes adaptive and innate type 2 immune responses, confers viral protection and facilitates glucose metabolism and tissue repair. At the cellular level, IL-33 stimulates differentiation, maintenance, and function of various immune cell types, including regulatory T cells, effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, macrophages, and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). Other IL-1 family members, such as IL-1β and IL-18 promote type 1 responses, while IL-37 limits immune activation. Although IL-1 cytokines play critical roles in immunity and tissue repair, their deregulated expression is often linked to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Therefore, IL-1 cytokines are regulated tightly by posttranscriptional mechanisms and decoy receptors. In this review, we discuss the biology and function of IL-1 family cytokines, with a specific focus on regulation and function of IL-33 in immune and tissue homeostasis.

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Citations

Aug 23, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Medicine·Philipp ErhartSusanne Dihlmann
Feb 23, 2020·Scientific Reports·Barbara Żyżyńska-GranicaKatarzyna Koziak
Nov 16, 2018·Inflammation Research : Official Journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et Al.]·Yuanyue ZhangMin Fang

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