Intermediary glucan structures formed during starch granule biosynthesis are enriched in short side chains, a dynamic pulse labeling approach.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Tom H NielsenAndreas Blennow

Abstract

The formation of intermediary glucans, mature starch, and phytoglycogen was studied using leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana wild type and dbe mutant, which lacks plastidic isoamylase (Zeeman, S. C., Umemoto, T., Lue, W. L., Au-Yeung, P., Martin, C., Smith, A. M., and Chen, J. (1998) Plant Cell 10, 1699-1711). A new approach to the study of starch biosynthesis was developed based on "very short pulse" labeling of leaf starch through photosynthetic fixation of (14)CO(2). This allowed selective analysis of the structure of starch formed within a 30-s period. This time frame is shorter than the period required for the formation of a single crystalline amylopectin lamella and consequently permits a direct analysis of intermediary structures during granule formation. Analysis of chain length distribution showed that the most recently formed outer layer of the granules has a structure different from the mature starch. The outer layer is enriched in short chains that are 6-11 glucose residues long. Side chains with 6 glucose residues are the shortest abundant chains formed, and they are formed exclusively by transfer from donor chains of 12 glucose residues or longer. The labeling pattern shows that chain transfer resulting in branching i...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 20, 2003·Current Opinion in Plant Biology·Martha G JamesAlan M Myers
Jan 1, 2003·Journal of Experimental Botany·Alison M SmithSteven M Smith
Aug 3, 2004·Plant Physiology·Gerhard RitteMartin Steup
Sep 11, 2007·Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry·Yoshinori TakashimaHirokazu Matsui
Mar 3, 2010·Annual Review of Plant Biology·Samuel C ZeemanAlison M Smith
Aug 19, 2014·Carbohydrate Polymers·Danusha N KalingaKoushik Seetharaman
Feb 24, 2006·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Thierry DelatteSamuel C Zeeman
Sep 28, 2017·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Sharif S NadaRobert G Gilbert
Sep 27, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Ian J Tetlow, Eric Bertoft
May 12, 2018·International Journal of Biological Macromolecules·Peng ZhangRobert G Gilbert
Apr 30, 2021·Biomacromolecules·Jihui ZhuQiaoquan Liu
Nov 10, 2010·Biomacromolecules·Alex Chi Wu, Robert G Gilbert

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