PMID: 8614074May 1, 1996Paper

Internal carotid artery gunshot wounds

The Journal of Trauma
S J SclafaniL Patterson

Abstract

To review a series of patients who sustained internal carotid artery (ICA) gunshot wounds. We retrospectively studied the demographics and clinical presentation, angiographic findings, methods of treatment, and outcome of 38 consecutive patients who had ICA injury identified by angiography. Thirty-four of 38 patients were symptomatic with neck hematomas (32 patients), active hemorrhage (12 patients), and/or neurologic deficit (10 patients). Angiography showed active bleeding in 22 patients and occlusion in 16 patients. Twelve patients were treated operatively by ligation (seven patients), repair (four patients), or intracranial/extracranial bypass (one patient). Twenty-six patients were managed nonoperatively either by angioplasty (one patient), embolotherapy (17 patients), or observation alone (eight patients). Percutaneous balloon catheters were also used in three patients for vascular control of the ICA before operative repair or as a method of assessing intracranial collateral circulation. The mortality of 18.4% was largely related to strokes. Penetration of the ICA is a very severe injury with a high mortality. The major cause of death in this series was related to neurologic damage associated with carotid injury and shock...Continue Reading

References

Nov 1, 1978·Annals of Surgery·W G Liekweg, L J Greenfield
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Citations

Jul 31, 2002·Radiology·Felipe MúneraGiovanni García
Feb 24, 2007·Current Problems in Surgery·Demetrios DemetriadesPeter Rhee
Nov 22, 2005·Radiologic Clinics of North America·M J B StallmeyerAdam E Flanders
Sep 21, 2005·Journal of Vascular Surgery·Yefim RabinovichYehuda G Wolf
Aug 8, 2007·European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery : the Official Journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery·P FeugierB Allaouchiche
Mar 23, 2002·The Surgical Clinics of North America·Douglas M G BowleyKenneth D Boffard
Feb 11, 2011·The Journal of Trauma·Chad G BallDavid V Feliciano

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