Abstract
Autophagy is a self-eating process to eradicate damaged proteins or organelles in cells. This process begins with formation of a double-membrane structure, called an autophagosome, which can sequester soluble proteins and organelles eventually degraded by lysosomal proteases after fusion with the lysosome. Autophagy was initially identified as a cell survival mechanism under stress conditions such as nutrient deprivation. More recently, it is also considered as type-II programmed cell death. In our recent report, we observed that overexpression of TrkA caused massive cell death via both apoptosis and autophagy. Overexpression of TrkA abated catalase activity and subsequently resulted in the production of a large amount of reactive oxygen species in cells. These consequences led to autophagic cell death. The autophagic cell death in TrkA-overexpressing cells was validated by GFP-LC3 dot formation, production of autophagosomes or acidic vacuoles, LC3 lipidation, and depletion of autopahgy-related genes. In addition, we also observed some evidence for apoptosis in TrkA-expressing cells. Many cells expressing TrkA exhibited annexin V-positive staining, activation of caspase-7 and BAX. Moreover, TrkA activated the JNK pathway, leadi...Continue Reading
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