Interplay between the Virus and Host in Rift Valley Fever Pathogenesis

Journal of Innate Immunity
Kaori Terasaki, Shinji Makino

Abstract

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) belongs to the genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae, and carries single-stranded tripartite RNA segments. The virus is transmitted by mosquitoes and has caused large outbreaks among ruminants and humans in sub-Saharan African and Middle East countries. The disease is characterized by a sudden onset of fever, headache, muscle pain, joint pain, photophobia, and weakness. In most cases, patients recover from the disease after a period of weeks, but some also develop retinal or macular changes, which result in vision impairment that lasts for an undefined period of time, and severe disease, characterized by hemorrhagic fever or encephalitis. The virus also causes febrile illness resulting in a high rate of spontaneous abortions in ruminants. The handling of wild-type RVFV requires high-containment facilities, including biosafety level 4 or enhanced biosafety level 3 laboratories. Nonetheless, studies clarifying the mechanisms of the RVFV-induced diseases and preventing them are areas of active research throughout the world. By primarily referring to recent studies using several animal model systems, protein expression systems, and specific mutant viruses, this review describes the current knowledge ...Continue Reading

Citations

May 31, 2017·The Journal of General Virology·Sarah LumleyRoger Hewson
Mar 21, 2019·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Elysse N Grossi-SoysterA Desiree LaBeaud
Jul 17, 2019·The Journal of General Virology·Daniel WrightGeorge M Warimwe
Jan 11, 2020·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Mahder Teffera, Shawn Babiuk
Jun 6, 2020·Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease·Elysse N Grossi-Soyster, A Desiree LaBeaud
Jun 29, 2021·Médecine sciences : M/S·Psylvia Léger, Pierre-Yves Lozach

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