Intestinal microbiota contributes to colonic epithelial changes in simulated microgravity mouse model

FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
Junxiu ShiQing Ge

Abstract

Exposure to microgravity leads to alterations in multiple systems, but microgravity-related changes in the gastrointestinal tract and its clinical significance have not been well studied. We used the hindlimb unloading (HU) mouse model to simulate a microgravity condition and investigated the changes in intestinal microbiota and colonic epithelial cells. Compared with ground-based controls (Ctrls), HU affected fecal microbiota composition with a profile that was characterized by the expansion of Firmicutes and decrease of Bacteroidetes. The colon epithelium of HU mice showed decreased goblet cell numbers, reduced epithelial cell turnover, and decreased expression of genes that are involved in defense and inflammatory responses. As a result, increased susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium-induced epithelial injury was observed in HU mice. Cohousing of Ctrl mice with HU mice resulted in HU-like epithelial changes in Ctrl mice. Transplantation of feces from Ctrl to HU mice alleviated these epithelial changes in HU mice. Results indicate that HU changes intestinal microbiota, which leads to altered colonic epithelial cell homeostasis, impaired barrier function, and increased susceptibility to colitis. We further demonstrate that...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 4, 2020·Radiation Research·Carli B JonesKaren S Sfanos
Feb 26, 2020·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Christopher J Greyson-GaitoMason R Stothart
Nov 28, 2019·Scientific Reports·Rocio AlvarezDeclan F McCole
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Oct 30, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Corentine AlauzetJean-Pol Frippiat
Feb 6, 2021·Life·Macauley J GreenPhilip M Williams
Sep 14, 2021·Frontiers in Microbiology·Chaoyue WenMingliang Jin

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