Intracellular RNA Sensing in Mammalian Cells: Role in Stress Response and Cancer Therapies

International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology
Nikolai N Khodarev

Abstract

DNA damage has been considered the primary action of ionizing radiation (IR) in normal and tumor cells resulting in cell autonomous death. However, recent findings have elucidated novel local and systemic effects of IR mediated by the induction of Type I interferons (IFN) and activation of adaptive immune responses. These responses are initiated by DNA- and RNA-dependent activation of pattern recognition receptors (PRR) which comprise an innate immunity system responsible for detection of exogenous pathogens, mounting of an anti-viral response, and activation of adaptive immunity. Activation of cytoplasmic RNA sensors by endogenous dsRNAs has emerged as an important mechanism of tumor cell-intrinsic Type I IFN induction in the response to genotoxic therapies. The fact that an effective anti-tumor effect of IR and chemotherapy response is dependent on the RNA sensing pathways indicates that tumor cells are equipped by functional innate immunity system which recognizes genotoxic stress insult as an intrusion of exogenous RNA pathogens. This indicates that DNA damage leads to the RNA stress, which is recognized as danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) presented by aberrant RNA molecules interacting with cytoplasmic RNA sens...Continue Reading

Citations

Apr 6, 2020·Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy·Walter Gottlieb Land
Sep 17, 2020·Oncoimmunology·Giorgio FregaOliver Kepp
Sep 17, 2020·Oncoimmunology·Julie Le NaourErika Vacchelli
Nov 28, 2020·Cell Death & Disease·Jitka FucikovaLorenzo Galluzzi
Dec 23, 2020·Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Monica C PillonRobin E Stanley
Aug 1, 2020·Cell Research·Jitka FucikovaLorenzo Galluzzi
Dec 11, 2020·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Takahiro YamazakiFederico Pietrocola
Jan 24, 2021·Seminars in Cancer Biology·Mohammad Imran KhanHasan Mukhtar
Jun 3, 2021·Cells·Lorenzo Galluzzi, Abhishek D Garg
Jun 16, 2021·International Journal of Radiation Biology·Marjan BoermaJacqueline P Williams

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