Intracranial microembolic signals in 500 patients with potential cardiac or carotid embolic source and in normal controls

Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation
D GeorgiadisM Borggrefe

Abstract

We undertook this study to evaluate the prevalence and clinical correlations of Doppler microembolic signals (MES) in stroke-prone patients. Patients with potential cardiac (n = 300) or carotid (n = 100) embolic source and control subjects (n = 100) were monitored with transcranial Doppler sonography for MES. Transthoracic (n = 192) and/or transesophageal (n = 134) echocardiography and carotid studies (continuous-wave Doppler, n = 181; color-coded duplex, n = 47) were performed in all patients with potential native cardioembolic source. Carotid disease was evaluated by means of continuous-wave Doppler (n = 87), color-coded duplex (n = 70), or intra-arterial angiography (n = 24) in patients with potential carotid embolic source. Overall MES prevalence was 23% in patients with potential native cardioembolic source (infective endocarditis [n = 7] 43%, left ventricular aneurysm [n = 38] 34%, intracardiac thrombus [n = 23] 26%, dilative cardiomyopathy [n = 39] 26%, nonvalvular atrial fibrillation [n = 24] 21%, valvular disease [n = 80] 15%), 55% in patients with prosthetic cardiac valves (mechanical [n = 77] 58%, porcine [n = 7] 43%, homografts [n = 5] 20%), 28% in patients with carotid disease (symptomatic [n = 46] 52%, asymptomati...Continue Reading

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