Abstract
Despite current treatment after transurethral resection of a bladder tumor, recurrences and progression remain a problem. Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) was beneficial in earlier studies. In this study, safety and efficacy of KLH were compared with that of mitomycin (MM). Patients with intermediate- and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) without carcinoma in situ were enrolled in a randomized phase III trial. In all, 283 patients were randomly assigned for 16 adjuvant intravesical instillations with KLH after preimmunization, and 270 patients were randomly assigned for 11 adjuvant intravesical instillations with MM. Primary outcome measurement was recurrence-free survival (RFS). Secondary outcome measurements were progression-free survival, adverse events (AEs), and the effect of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response on clinical outcome. There were significantly more pT1 tumors in the MM group (P = .01). In a log-rank test, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, KLH was less effective than MM regarding RFS (all P < .001). Progression was uncommon (n = 20). In univariate Cox regression analyses, KLH tended to prevent progression more effectively than MM, but in multivariate Cox regression ...Continue Reading
References
Jan 1, 1991·European Urology·L M MoltóM Alvarez-Mon
Aug 1, 1990·The Journal of Urology·J FlammW Albrecht
Apr 1, 1988·The Journal of Urology·C D JurincicK F Klippel
Feb 1, 1974·The Journal of Urology·C A OlssonC N Rao
Jun 1, 1994·The Journal of Urology·R D SwerdlowR F Ebert
Mar 1, 1993·The Journal of Urology·D L LammR F Ebert
Dec 1, 1995·British Journal of Urology·C Jurincic-WinklerK F Klippel
Jan 1, 1995·European Urology·C D Jurincic-WinklerK F Klippel
Nov 2, 1999·Micron : the International Research and Review Journal for Microscopy·J R Harris, J Markl
Jun 1, 2000·European Urology·J F LinnJ W Thüroff
Jun 1, 2000·European Urology·D L LammD R Riggs
Jun 1, 2000·European Urology·C D Jurincic-WinklerK F Klippel
Jun 1, 2000·European Urology·C EchartiK F Klippel
Jan 10, 2006·Urology·Ziya KirkaliJeff Weider
Jan 31, 2006·European Urology·Richard J SylvesterKarlheinz Kurth
Nov 7, 2006·The Journal of Urology·Bruno MoltedoMaría Inés Becker
Mar 22, 2007·European Urology·Richard J Sylvester
Nov 13, 2007·The Journal of Urology·M Craig HallPaul F Schellhammer
May 13, 2008·European Urology·Marko BabjukUNKNOWN European Association of Urology (EAU)
May 5, 2009·European Urology·Per-Uno MalmströmJ Alfred Witjes
Dec 8, 2010·Proteomics. Clinical Applications·Oyindasola Oyelaran, Jeffrey C Gildersleeve
Feb 8, 2011·CA: a Cancer Journal for Clinicians·Ahmedin JemalDavid Forman
Apr 5, 2011·European Urology·Marko BabjukUNKNOWN European Association of Urology (EAU)
Citations
Jan 28, 2014·PloS One·Sergio ArancibiaMaría Inés Becker
Jan 16, 2014·Marine Drugs·David J Newman, Gordon M Cragg
Feb 4, 2014·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·Christopher J Coates, Jacqueline Nairn
Feb 13, 2016·Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy·Alvaro Morales, Zvi Cohen
Oct 31, 2013·Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy·Anna V van LingenJ Alfred Witjes
Aug 21, 2013·Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy·Anna V van Lingen, J Alfred Witjes
May 31, 2015·World Journal of Urology·Rianne J M LammersJ Alfred Witjes
May 17, 2014·British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology·Ashwin SwaminathanAnthony J McMichael
Dec 7, 2013·BJU International·Rianne J M LammersJ Alfred Witjes
Apr 1, 2016·Cell Biochemistry and Function·Si-Yen LiuTiao-Yin Lin
Mar 12, 2015·Current Treatment Options in Oncology·Philip L HoAshish M Kamat
Mar 2, 2017·Nature Reviews. Urology·Ashish M KamatJ Alfred Witjes
Mar 28, 2017·Scientific Reports·Florian WimmersJoannes F M Jacobs
Oct 17, 2017·Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy·Francisco Caramés Masana, Theo M de Reijke
Jan 9, 2013·Nature Reviews. Urology·Aidan P Noon, James W F Catto
Dec 15, 2018·BJU International·Emma DoyleAndrew Protheroe
Jun 20, 2019·Marine Drugs·Hee Kyoung KangYoonkyung Park
Mar 16, 2017·Trials·Narasimha N G Prasad, Shammana N Muddukrishna
May 18, 2020·International Immunopharmacology·Emiliya StoyanovaAndrey Tchorbanov
Apr 23, 2021·Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy·Eddy Lilly, Khalil El Gharib
Aug 24, 2021·Frontiers in Oncology·Blessie Elizabeth NelsonBagi Jana