Intrahepatic vascular changes in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Potential role of insulin-resistance and endothelial dysfunction

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG
Marcos PasarínVincenzo La Mura

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of several clinical conditions characterized by insulin-resistance and high cardiovascular risk. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the liver expression of the metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance can be a frequent comorbidity in several chronic liver diseases, in particular hepatitis C virus infection and/or cirrhosis. Several studies have demonstrated that insulin action is not only relevant for glucose control, but also for vascular homeostasis. Insulin regulates nitric oxide production, which mediates to a large degree the vasodilating, anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic properties of a healthy endothelium, guaranteeing organ perfusion. The effects of insulin on the liver microvasculature and the effects of IR on sinusoidal endothelial cells have been studied in animal models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The hypotheses derived from these studies and the potential translation of these results into humans are critically discussed in this review.

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Citations

Nov 28, 2019·Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Yan LvHai-Jun Zhang
Mar 22, 2018·Romanian Journal of Internal Medicine = Revue Roumaine De Médecine Interne·Taraneh Faghihi LangroudiMohammadreza Naderian
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Jul 12, 2018·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Mario MasaroneMarcello Persico
Jan 26, 2021·JHEP Reports : Innovation in Hepatology·Emilio Molina-MolinaPiero Portincasa
Feb 24, 2019·Journal of Hepatology·Adel Hammoutene, Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou
Apr 20, 2021·European Journal of Internal Medicine·Agostino Di CiaulaPiero Portincasa

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
imaging techniques

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