Intraocular Pressure as an Indicator of the Level of Induced Anxiety in Basketball

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
Jesús VeraDavid Cárdenas

Abstract

Our data demonstrate that intraocular pressure (IOP) is sensitive to anxiety manipulation in sport scenarios, specifically in a basketball free throw task. The present outcomes may be of special relevance because of its practical advantages for the objective control of athletes' anxiety levels. Athletes experience high levels of anxiety during sport competition, and IOP has demonstrated to reflect autonomous nervous system changes during mentally demanding situations. We tested whether different levels of induced anxiety during basketball free throw shooting alter IOP. We followed a repeated-measures design to test the effects of anxiety-induced manipulation during basketball free throw shooting on IOP, shooting performance, and perceived anxiety. Eighteen amateur basketball players performed three experimental sessions consisting of 100 free throws each. However, we gave three different instructions to participants regarding the score assigned to each free throw, allowing us to manipulate the level of induced anxiety (low, medium, and high). Confirming a successful anxiety manipulation, basketball players reported more perceived anxiety with higher levels of induced anxiety (P < .001, η = 0.37). Our data show that higher level...Continue Reading

References

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Feb 9, 2017·Applied Ergonomics·Jesús VeraDavid Cárdenas
May 22, 2017·Physiology & Behavior·Ademir F S ArrudaAlexandre Moreira
Jul 14, 2017·Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Für Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie·Jesús VeraDavid Cárdenas
Nov 11, 2017·Applied Ergonomics·Raimundo Jiménez, Jesús Vera
Dec 21, 2017·Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport·Jesús VeraDavid Cárdenas

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Citations

Jun 6, 2020·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·Kaweh MansouriUNKNOWN ARGOS–2 Study Group

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