Intrapartum fetal asphyxia: definition, diagnosis, and classification

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
J A Low

Abstract

Evidence of a significant metabolic acidosis, an umbilical artery base deficit > 12 mmol/L, confirms that an asphyxial exposure has occurred. This is observed at delivery in approximately 2% of all pregnancies. Classification of the severity of the asphyxial exposure is difficult because the duration and nature of the exposure and the characteristics of the fetal cardiovascular response to the asphyxia in the affected fetus is usually not known. A classification is proposed in which the exposure to asphyxia is confirmed by a blood gas and acid-base assessment with evidence of a significant metabolic acidosis and the severity is defined by newborn encephalopathy and other organ system complications. Outstanding issues that may enhance this classification are identified.

References

Dec 1, 1992·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·T M GoodwinR H Paul
Mar 1, 1992·Pediatric Neurology·A Leviton, K B Nelson
Dec 1, 1991·Obstetrics and Gynecology·K G GoldaberD D McIntire
Feb 1, 1991·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·C L WinklerC G Brumfield
Jun 1, 1985·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·J A LowE J Karchmar
Mar 1, 1995·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·J A LowE J Derrick
Apr 1, 1994·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·J A LowE J Derrick

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Apr 19, 2012·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·Richdeep S GillPo-Yin Cheung
Apr 30, 2013·Journal of Lipid Research·Evi VlassaksAntonio W D Gavilanes
Nov 22, 2011·Journal of Perinatal Medicine·Branka M YliBabill Stray-Pedersen
May 12, 2009·Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology·Eckhart J Buchmann, Sithembiso C Velaphi
Jan 6, 2009·Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·B E LingwoodP B Colditz
Jul 8, 2008·Early Human Development·Patricia A M van IerselMijna Hadders-Algra
Nov 17, 2007·Gynécologie, obstétrique & fertilité·O MorelE Barranger
Jun 19, 2007·Annales Françaises D'anesthèsie Et De Rèanimation·M-P BonnetD Benhamou
Oct 7, 2008·The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research·Arzu TekinIzzet Yücesoy
Feb 22, 2011·Annals of Neurology·Mohamed M HelmyKai Kaila
Nov 21, 2013·Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica·Jörg KesslerSusanne Albrechtsen
Jul 22, 2014·BJOG : an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology·J KesslerS Albrechtsen
Dec 8, 2007·European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology·Anne Cathrine GjerrisCarsten Nickelsen
Jun 9, 2004·Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology·James A Low
Jul 13, 2002·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·Michael G Ross, Rageev Gala
May 15, 1998·The Journal of Pediatrics·S Shankaran
May 26, 2004·Pediatric Clinics of North America·Steven R Leuthner, Utpala G Das
Mar 7, 2014·The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology·Sally ByfordChris Anstey
Apr 2, 2015·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·Liv KnutzenLawrence Impey
Apr 4, 2007·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·P C A M BakkerH P Van Geijn
Dec 17, 2008·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·Ernest M GrahamHarold E Fox
Apr 29, 2006·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·Håkan NorénHenrik Hagberg
Jun 23, 2009·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·Antonia CostaJoao Bernardes
Jan 23, 1999·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·B Seelbach-GöbelM Butterwegge
Mar 14, 2003·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·Keith P Williams, France Galerneau
Apr 18, 2013·Early Human Development·Nina TaxGerhard Pichler
Jun 4, 2016·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·Bethany A Sabol, Aaron B Caughey
Aug 16, 2016·Clinics in Perinatology·Robert L GoldenbergElizabeth M McClure
Aug 16, 2016·Clinics in Perinatology·Graeme R PolglaseNoah H Hillman
Oct 23, 2016·Journal de gynécologie, obstétrique et biologie de la reproduction·F KellenbergerB Langer
Dec 4, 2003·Pediatric Neurology·Shannon E G HamrickJ Colin Partridge
Oct 6, 2016·BJOG : an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology·E R AllansonJ E Dickinson
Oct 21, 2004·Journal of Perinatal Medicine·Angelo Ruozi-BerrettaMaurizio M Anceschi
Jun 27, 2003·Journal of Perinatal Medicine·Maurizio M AnceschiErmelando V Cosmi
Oct 14, 2000·Journal of Perinatal Medicine·S SchmidtG Heller
Jan 5, 2000·Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America·J A Low
Dec 6, 2001·Journal of Child Neurology·M E DilengeM I Shevell
Jun 21, 2017·The Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians·Francesca CrovettoBarbara Acaia
Mar 8, 2018·Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica·Liv KnutzenLawrence Impey
Mar 11, 2004·Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health·G CarliN Evans
Apr 11, 2018·International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics : the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics·Liv KnutzenLawrence Impey

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.