Intraspecific variation and symmetry of the inner-ear labyrinth in a population of wild turkeys: implications for paleontological reconstructions

PeerJ
Donald G Cerio, Lawrence M Witmer

Abstract

The cochlea and semicircular canals (SCCs) of the inner ear are vital neurosensory devices. There are associations between the anatomy of these sensorineural structures, their function, and the function of related biological systems, for example, hearing ability, gaze stabilization, locomotor agility, and posture. The endosseous labyrinth is frequently used as a proxy to infer the performance of the hearing and vestibular systems, locomotor abilities, and ecology of extinct species. Such fossil inferences are often based on single specimens or even a single ear, representing an entire species. To address whether a single ear is representative of a population, we used geometric morphometrics to quantitatively assess the variation in shape and symmetry in a sample of endosseous labyrinths of wild turkeys Meleagris gallopavo of southern Ohio. We predicted that ears would be symmetrical both within individuals and across the sample; that labyrinth shape and size would covary; that labyrinth shape would vary with the size of the brain, measured as width of the endocranium at the cerebellum; and that labyrinths would be morphologically integrated. To test these predictions, we microCT-scanned the heads of 26 cadaveric turkeys, digita...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 11, 2020·Journal of Anatomy·J Logan KingJames M Neenan
Apr 22, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Julia A SchwabStephen L Brusatte
Nov 30, 2021·Journal of Anatomy·Julia A SchwabStephen L Brusatte

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray

Software Mentioned

EMMli
Mesh dist
R package LaMBDA ( LandMark - Based Data Assessment )
R
geomorph package
rgl
gpagen
CloudCompare
R package
geomorph

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