Intravenous dextrose versus ondansetron for prevention of postoperative vomiting in children: a randomized non-inferiority trial.

Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia = Journal Canadien D'anesthésie
Andrea Vasquez-CamargoGrant G Miller

Abstract

Postoperative vomiting (POV) in children is frequent. Dextrose-containing intravenous fluids in the perioperative period have shown improvement of POV in adults. Similar studies have not been done in children. The primary purpose was to study the efficacy of intraoperative intravenous dextrose for antiemetic prophylaxis in children undergoing ambulatory surgery. A non-inferiority randomized clinical trial of healthy children (three to nine years old) undergoing ambulatory dental surgery was conducted. The control group received dexamethasone (0.15 mg·kg-1 iv) and ondansetron (0.05 mg·kg-1 iv); the intervention group received dexamethasone (0.15 mg·kg-1 iv) and intravenous 5% dextrose in 0.9% normal saline according to a weight-based maintenance rate. The primary outcome was POV in the postanesthetic care unit (PACU) within two hr after surgery. Secondary outcomes included POV within 24 hr from discharge and unplanned hospital admission. A non-inferiority analysis was conducted on the primary outcome using an absolute risk difference of 7.5% as the non-inferiority margin. Data from 290 patients were analyzed. Demographics and intraoperative anesthetic management were similar between groups. Vomiting in the PACU occurred in 7.6% ...Continue Reading

References

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