Introduction and perspective, historical note

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
Geoffrey Burnstock

Abstract

P2 nucleotide receptors were proposed to consist of two subfamilies based on pharmacology in 1985, named P2X and P2Y receptors. Later, this was confirmed following cloning of the receptors for nucleotides and studies of transduction mechanisms in the early 1990s. P2X receptors are ion channels and seven subtypes are recognized that form trimeric homomultimers or heteromultimers. P2X receptors are involved in neuromuscular and synaptic neurotransmission and neuromodulation. They are also expressed on many types of non-neuronal cells to mediate smooth muscle contraction, secretion, and immune modulation. The emphasis in this review will be on the pathophysiology of P2X receptors and therapeutic potential of P2X receptor agonists and antagonists for neurodegenerative and inflammatory disorders, visceral and neuropathic pain, irritable bowel syndrome, diabetes, kidney failure, bladder incontinence and cancer, as well as disorders if the special senses, airways, skin, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal systems.

Citations

Dec 1, 2015·Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters·Kamila PuchałowiczDariusz Chlubek
May 15, 2015·Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal·Kenneth A JacobsonDilip K Tosh
Nov 20, 2015·Neuropharmacology·Felicita PedataAnna Maria Pugliese
Apr 14, 2016·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Yuichi MinatoIchio Shimada
Oct 31, 2015·Neuropharmacology·Cinzia VolontéSusanna Amadio
Aug 12, 2014·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Geoffrey BurnstockRashid Giniatullin
Aug 31, 2016·The Journal of General Physiology·Ida Björkgren, Polina V Lishko
Oct 25, 2016·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Csaba VastaghZsolt Liposits
Feb 6, 2016·PloS One·Marie-Josée DesmaraisJean-François Pflieger
Dec 17, 2014·Purinergic Signalling·Kwok-Kuen CheungGeoffrey Burnstock
Jan 15, 2018·Purinergic Signalling·Bellamkonda K KishoreKaren M Dwyer
Feb 11, 2020·International Reviews of Immunology·Marharyta Zyma, Rafał Pawliczak
Feb 7, 2017·Frontiers in Physiology·Yuta ShiozakiYoshiyuki Shibukawa
Sep 7, 2020·Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology·Qianqian LiRonglan Zhao
Dec 2, 2020·Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease·Laura Fedele, Thomas Brand
Jan 19, 2021·Biochemical Pharmacology·Marianna LovásziGyörgy Haskó

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
contraception
transgenic

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Advances in Pharmacology
Geoffrey Burnstock, C Kennedy
Frontiers in Bioscience (Elite Edition)
Geoffrey Burnstock
BioEssays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology
Geoffrey Burnstock
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research = Revista Brasileira De Pesquisas Médicas E Biológicas
Geoffrey Burnstock
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved