Invasion Pathways of Karnal Bunt of Wheat into the United States

Plant Disease
David MarshallJoseph F Cavey

Abstract

Karnal bunt of wheat (caused by Tilletia indica) was first detected in the United States in Arizona in 1996. The seed lots of infected, spring-habit, durum wheat associated with the initial detection were traced to planted fields in California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. However, in the summer of 1997, the disease appeared in unrelated, winter-habit, bread wheat located over 700 km from the nearest potentially contaminated wheat from 1996 (and destroyed prior to reinfection). Here, we examined potential invasion pathways of the fungus associated with the movement of wheat into the United States. We analyzed the USDA/APHIS Port Information Network (PIN) database from 1984 through 2000 to determine likely pathways of introduction based on where, when, and how the disease was intercepted coming into the United States. All interceptions were made on wheat transported from Mexico, with the majority (98.8%) being intercepted at land border crossings. Karnal bunt was not intercepted from any other country over the 17-year period analyzed. Most interceptions were on wheat found in automobiles, trucks, and railway cars. The majority of interceptions were made at Laredo, Brownsville, Eagle Pass, and El Paso, TX, and Nogales, AZ. Kar...Continue Reading

References

Oct 24, 2008·Phytopathology·K A Garrett, R L Bowden
May 1, 2001·Plant Disease·P W CrousZ A Pretorius
Dec 1, 1997·Plant Disease·Morris R BondeJoseph L Smilanick

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Citations

Jun 9, 2006·Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews : MMBR·J FletcherS A Tolin
Jul 21, 2017·Phytopathology·Robin Alan ChoudhuryNeil McRoberts
Feb 17, 2006·Annual Review of Phytopathology·Lori M CarrisBlair J Goates
Jul 1, 2007·Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences : PJBS·S Ali Moosawi-JorfE Pour-Jam
Mar 1, 2005·Plant Disease·Charles M RushMatthew H Royer
Jan 14, 2018·The ISME Journal·Alberto SantiniSteve Woodward

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