Invasive pneumococcal disease in an underimmunized, high HIV prevalence population

The Journal of Infection
Azadeh TasslimiAnushua Sinha

Abstract

To describe the epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in a predominantly minority population with low childhood immunization rates and high HIV prevalence, during the early childhood pneumococcal vaccine (PCV7) era. A retrospective cases series analysis of 131 patients diagnosed with IPD at University Hospital in Newark, NJ from 2000 through 2005, and who had their pneumococcal isolates serotyped, was conducted. Changes in IPD over time were analyzed with the Cochran-Armitage test and linear regression. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to determine risk factors for non-vaccine type IPD. Ninety-two percent of cases occurred in older children (>or=5 years) and adults, with 53.4% occurring in the 34-49 year-old age group. 90% of cases were black and 48% were HIV-infected. Among cases five years or older, there was a significant decrease in the proportion of IPD caused by vaccine serotypes (2000: 45.5%, 2001: 50.0%, 2002: 31.8%, 2003: 30.0%, 2004: 0.0%, 2005: 0.0%; p<0.0005). Concomitantly, PCV7 immunization rates among Newark infants increased (2002: 30.5%, 2003: 58.1%, 2004: 70.9%, 2005: 75.6%). Risk factors for non-vaccine type IPD included year of diagnosis and older male. At-risk populations, with h...Continue Reading

References

May 2, 2003·The New England Journal of Medicine·Cynthia G WhitneyUNKNOWN Active Bacterial Core Surveillance of the Emerging Infections Program Network
May 13, 2004·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Brendan FlanneryUNKNOWN Active Bacterial Core Surveillance/Emerging Infections Program Network
Jul 14, 2004·American Journal of Public Health·Susan Y ChuPhilip J Smith
Apr 13, 2006·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Katherine A PoehlingWilliam Schaffner

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Citations

Mar 11, 2009·Respirology : Official Journal of the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology·Charles Feldman, Ronald Anderson
Dec 5, 2008·Expert Review of Vaccines·Guilherme Gonçalves

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