Investigation and Treatment of Missing Item Scores in Test and Questionnaire Data

Multivariate Behavioral Research
Klaas Sijtsma, L Andries van der Ark

Abstract

This article first discusses a statistical test for investigating whether or not the pattern of missing scores in a respondent-by-item data matrix is random. Since this is an asymptotic test, we investigate whether it is useful in small but realistic sample sizes. Then, we discuss two known simple imputation methods, person mean (PM) and two-way (TW) imputation, and we propose two new imputation methods, response-function (RF) and mean response-function (MRF) imputation. These methods are based on few assumptions about the data structure. An empirical data example with simulated missing item scores shows that the new method RF was superior to the methods PM, TW, and MRF in recovering from incomplete data several statistical properties of the original complete data. Methods TW and RF are useful both when item score missingness is ignorable and nonignorable.

References


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Citations

Apr 1, 2007·Multivariate Behavioral Research·Joost R van GinkelKlaas Sijtsma
Oct 18, 2011·Behavior Research Methods·Damazo T KadengyeWim Van den Noortgate
May 12, 2010·Pain Medicine : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine·Tanja HechlerBoris Zernikow
Jul 21, 2007·Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis·Janneke de JongeLynn Frewer
Nov 27, 2015·Multivariate Behavioral Research·Gina L MazzaLinda S Ruehlman
Oct 26, 2010·European Journal of Pain : EJP·Tanja HechlerBoris Zernikow
Nov 1, 2007·The British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology·Joost R van GinkelKlaas Sijtsma
Dec 17, 2009·Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis·Janneke de JongeLynn J Frewer
Aug 4, 2011·International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research·Muirne C S PaapIra R Haraldsen
May 10, 2017·Pain Medicine : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine·Boris ZernikowJulia Wager
Jun 4, 2008·Spine·Sidney M RubinsteinMaurits W van Tulder
Sep 10, 2014·International Journal of Behavioral Medicine·Stefanie SchroederAlexandra Martin
Nov 22, 2013·Journal of Interpersonal Violence·Jessica L MackelprangRalph E Gene Cash
Jul 5, 2013·International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology·Georgia V SpiropoulosPatricia Van Voorhis
Feb 23, 2018·Quality of Life Research : an International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation·Berend TerluinHenrica C W de Vet
Dec 28, 2017·Archives of Suicide Research : Official Journal of the International Academy for Suicide Research·Joyce ChuBruce Bongar
Sep 13, 2007·International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research·Niels SmitsJohannes H Smit
Jul 16, 2008·Quality of Life Research : an International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation·Angela BuchholzGerard M Schippers
Apr 28, 2020·Statistical Methods in Medical Research·R GorterJwr Twisk
Nov 5, 2013·The Medical Journal of Australia·Kerry A ShermanJohn Boyages
Apr 20, 2012·Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing : Official Publication of the Association of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nurses, Inc·Miranda R WaggonerLorraine V Klerman
May 26, 2018·Educational and Psychological Measurement·Stefanie A Wind, Yogendra J Patil
Dec 19, 2018·Applied Psychological Measurement·Shenghai DaiCong Chen
May 21, 2019·Educational and Psychological Measurement·Dee Duygu Cetin-BerberAnne Corinne Huggins-Manley
Jan 20, 2020·Child Psychiatry and Human Development·Erling W RognliMarianne Aalberg
May 16, 2012·Epidemiology·Iris EekhoutMartijn W Heymans
Sep 9, 2017·International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology·Georgia V SpiropoulosEmily J Salisbury

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