Investigation of a Possible Link Between Vaccination and the 2010 Sheep Pox Epizootic in Morocco

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
A HaegemanK De Clercq

Abstract

Sheep pox is endemic in most parts of Northern Africa and has the potential to cause severe economic problems. Live attenuated vaccines are used in Morocco, and in many other countries, to control the disease. Sheep pox virus (SPPV) re-appeared in 2010 causing a nodular clinical form previously not observed in Morocco. The severe clinical signs observed during the course of this outbreak and initial reports citing similarity in nucleotide sequence between the Moroccan vaccine strain and field isolates warranted a more in depth analysis of this epizootic. In this study, sequence analysis showed that isolates obtained from four provinces of eastern Morocco were identical, demonstrating that a single SPPV strain was responsible for the 2010 epizootic. In addition, the genome fragments sequenced and phylogenetic analyses undertaken as part of this study showed significant differences between field isolates and the Moroccan vaccine strain. New PCR methods were developed to differentiate between wild-type isolates and vaccine strains of SPPV. Using these methods, no trace of wild-type SPPV was found in the vaccine and no evidence was found to suggest that the vaccine strain was causing clinical disease.

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Citations

Jun 29, 2017·Transboundary and Emerging Diseases·F Ben ChehidaC Cêtre-Sossah
Apr 4, 2018·Virology Journal·Tesfaye Rufael ChibssaCharles Euloge Lamien
Jul 10, 2019·BMC Veterinary Research·Sylvester OchwoFrank N Mwiine
Oct 19, 2019·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·Ashwini Rameshrao ChapleMuthannan Andavar Ramakrishnan
Jun 10, 2021·Tropical Animal Health and Production·Abdelfattah SelimHanem Khater
Aug 8, 2021·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Elizabeth A ClemmonsJohn W Dutton

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