Investigation of cardiac status and bone mineral density in Turner syndrome

Growth Hormone & IGF Research : Official Journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society
Carolyn A Bondy, Vladimir K Bakalov

Abstract

This review highlights recent developments in the detection and management of congenital heart disease and osteoporosis in patients with monosomy X, or Turner syndrome (TS). Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) using gadolinium as a contrast agent demonstrates a higher prevalence and greater diversity of congenital cardiovascular defects than previously recognized in TS. Almost 50% of girls and women with TS have marked tortuosity or ectasia of the aortic arch, suggesting that these individuals may be at greater risk for aneurysm formation or dissection and therefore require closer monitoring. MRA also reveals that major venous anomalies are common in TS, with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return and persistent left superior vena cava each found in about 13% of patients. MR imaging even without contrast is a valuable complement to routine cardiac ultrasound in detecting abnormalities of the aortic valve. Abnormal electrocardiographic findings, including prolongation of the QTc interval, have recently been documented in many individuals with TS. Conduction and repolarization abnormalities have not been associated with congenital anatomic defects and are as common in young girls as adults. The clinical significance of these ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 23, 2011·Pediatrics·Adda GrimbergVirginia A Stallings
Jun 15, 2007·Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America·Shelli R Kesler
Apr 24, 2014·Advances in Wound Care·Traci A Wilgus, Brian C Wulff
Feb 1, 2017·Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology·Xiaoyan YeYingqiang Zhong
Aug 17, 2019·American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part a·Angela E LinClaus H Gravholt

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